Fascia is Available in Various Types of Material
and It Serves Several Functions

Wood

The most common choice due to its affordability
Primarily constructed from either spruce, pine, or fir
Because it is not water-resistant, wood is subject to rot
Must be primed and painted regularly to extend longevity

Aluminum

Can be used as a means of weatherproofing wood fascia
Pliable & can be bent/wrapped completely around the wood
Extends the life of wood fascia; installation could be expensive

Vinyl

More accurately defined as polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Standard PVC includes plasticizers for added flexibility
Fastened to wood fascia to add appeal and increase lifespan

Unplasticized Vinyl

UPVC does not contain plasticizers; is more rigid/more durable
Requires little maintenance while also enhancing aesthetic appeal
Weather/chemical resistant; smooth surface permits better water flow

As part of the overall roof system, fascia serves the following purposes:

It is used to secure the gutters to the roof and keep them in place
Blocks water from penetrating the roof deck and into the attic/home
Increases curb appeal by covering the open/rough ends of the rafters
Closes off unwanted access to the home by insects, birds, squirrels, etc.

While wood remains the traditional choice of fascia with many home builders, it will need regular painting or staining to prevent wood rot and premature replacement. In recent years, installation of vinyl or aluminum fascia has become more popular, in new home construction as well as upgrades in existing homes; these newer types of materials offer a number of advantages compared to wood fascia, including:

Minimal or no maintenance
More durability/extended lifespan
Better resistance to weather extremes
Enhanced visual/curb appeal for the home

Based on the importance of fascia in terms of functionality, aesthetics, and its potential long-term cost-savings (vinyl and aluminum), homeowners should regularly inspect and assess its overall condition. This would be applicable for all types of fascia material but particularly in relation to wood construction.